A mathematical object for retrieving the structure of stimuli in EEG data

Newsletter | May 28, 2019

A recent NeuroMat paper has addressed the conjecture that the brain identifies structures from sequences of stimuli. It means that in order to make predictions the brain analyzes structured  sequences of stimuli and retrieves from them statistical regularities. This classical conjecture is often called "Statistician Brain Conjecture" and is associated to studies on how one learns. The NeuroMat research team has introduced a new class of stochastic processes --sequences of random objects driven by chains with memory of variable length-- to address this conjecture.

Retrieving a Context Tree from EEG Data

Publications | May 22, 2019

Aline Duarte, Ricardo Fraiman, Antonio Galves, Guilherme Ost and Claudia D. Vargas

It has been repeatedly conjectured that the brain retrieves statistical regularities from stimuli. Here, we present a new statistical approach allowing to address this conjecture. This approach is based on a new class of stochastic processes, namely, sequences of random objects driven by chains with memory of variable length.

The whole paper is available here.

Discrete One-Dimensional Coverage Process on a Renewal Process

Publications | May 20, 2019

Sandro Gallo and Nancy L. Garcia

Consider the following coverage model on \mathbb {N}, for each site i \in \mathbb {N}associate a pair (\xi _i, R_i) where (\xi _i)_{i \ge 0} is a 1-dimensional undelayed discrete renewal point process and (R_i)_{i \ge 0} is an i.i.d. sequence of \mathbb {N}-valued random variables. At each site where \xi _i=1 start an interval of length R_i. Coverage occurs if every site of \mathbb {N} is covered by some interval. We obtain sharp conditions for both, positive and null probability of coverage. As corollaries, we extend results of the literature of rumor processes and discrete one-dimensional Boolean percolation.

The whole paper is available here.

Is somatosensory electrical stimulation effective in relieving spasticity? A systematic review

Publications | May 20, 2019

Marco Antonio Cavalcanti Garcia and Claudia Domingues Vargas

Spasticity is a sensorimotor disorder widely recognized as one of the features that contribute to patients’ disability. Transcutaneous electric neural stimulation (TENS/SES) has been adopted in spasticity rehabilitation as an alternative to pharmacological agents. Although previous studies have reported clinical benefits of TENS/SES in relieving spasticity, there is no clarity on how and whether this therapeutic modality affects specific neural circuitries. Thus, this systematic review aimed to verify the efficacy of TENS/SES in the control of spasticity and its consequences in spinal and corticospinal excitability. This study was carried out according to PRISMA recommendations using SCOPUS, PubMed, BVS, Google Scholar and BASE databases screening, which provided 483 references. Six additional records were found from other sources. All these records were submitted to a filtering process following the eligibility criteria, and 44 studies were selected for further analysis. Ten were replicas. Consequently, 34 studies were read in full with the aim of checking their eligibility criterion, which resulted in 10 manuscripts for qualitative synthesis. Even though they evaluated the effects of TENS/SES both at the spinal and/or corticospinal levels, the electrophysiological results seem to be inconsistent, corroborating the lack of agreement between them and with clinical outcomes.

The whole paper is available here.

Social media as a NeuroMat dissemination strategy for people with brachial plexus injuries

Newsletter | Apr 30, 2019

The NeuroMat dissemination team has launched a project to contribute actively on social media communities with patients, caregivers and health professionals related to traumatic brachial plexus injuries. This project is developed under the scope of NeuroMat's initiative "Action for Brachial Plexus Injury" - ABRAÇO and is funded by a scientific journalism fellowship by FAPESP. The grantee is Matheus Cornely Sayão; supervisors are Cláudia Domingues Vargas and Fernando J. Paixão, respectively coordinator of ABRAÇO and NeuroMat dissemination coordinator.

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